Bài 3 :

4FeS + 7O2 --t--> 2Fe2O3 + 4SO2

Fe2O3 + 6HNO3 -> 2Fe(NO3)3 + 3H2O

Fe(NO3)3 + 3 NaOH -> Fe(OH)3 +3NaNO3

2Fe(OH)3 --t--> Fe2O3 + 3H2O

Fe2O3 + 3H2 -t-> 2Fe + 3H2O

Fe + S -t-> FeS

1, FeCl₃ + 3KOH → Fe(OH)₃ + 3KCl

2Fe(OH)₃ \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂O

Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂ \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2Fe + 3H₂O

3Fe + 2O₂ \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) Fe₃O₄

2, 2Ca + O₂ \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2CaO

CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂

Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O

CaCO₃ + H₂O + CO₂→ Ca(HCO₃)₂

Ca(HCO₃)₂ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + 2H₂O + 2CO₂

CaCl₂ + Ca(OH)₂ → 2CaO + 2HCl

3, 4FeS + 7O₂ \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2Fe₂O₃ + 4SO₂

Fe₂O₃ + 6HNO₃ → 2Fe(NO₃)₃ + 3H₂O

Fe(NO₃)₃ + 3KOH → Fe(OH)₃ + 3KNO₃

2Fe(OH)₃ \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂O

Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂ \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2Fe + 3H₂O

Fe + S \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) FeS

\(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\\2 Fe\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3+3CO\rightarrow2Fe+3CO_2\\3 Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)

\(Ca+\frac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CaO\\ CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\\ Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\\ CaCO_3+H_2O+CO_2\rightarrow Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2\\ Ca\left(HCO_3\right)+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O+2CO_2\\ CaCl_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow2CaO+2HCl\)

\(4FeS+7O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4SO_2\\ Fe_2O_3+HNO_3\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+H_2O\\ Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+3NaOH\rightarrow3NaNO_3+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\\ 2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3+3CO\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3CO_2\\ Fe+S\underrightarrow{t^o}FeS\)

a) SO₂ + Na₂O -> Na₂SO₃

Na₂SO₃ + H₂SO₄ -> Na₂SO₄ + SO₂ + H₂O

Na₂SO₄ + Ba(OH)₂ -> BaSO₄ \(\downarrow\)+ 2NaOH

2NaOH + CO₂ -> Na₂CO₃ + H₂O

b) CaO + CO₂ -> CaCO₃

CaCO₃ \(\rightarrow^{t^o}\) CaO + CO₂

CaO + H₂O -> Ca ( OH)₂

Ca ( OH)₂ + CO₂ -> CaCO₃ + H₂O

CaCO₃ + H₂SO₄ -> CaSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O

c) 2Fe + 3Cl₂ \(\rightarrow^{t^o}\) 2FeCl₃

FeCl₃ + 3NaOH -> Fe(OH)₃ \(\downarrow\) + 3NaCl

2Fe(OH)₃ \(\rightarrow^{t^o}\) Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂O

Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄ -> Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O

Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 3BaCl₂ -> 2FeCl₃ + 3BaSO₄\(\downarrow\)

d) Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl₂ + H₂

FeCl₂ + 2AgNO₃ -> 2AgCl\(\downarrow\) + Fe(NO₃)₂

Fe(NO₃)₂ + 2NaOH -> Fe(OH)₂\(\downarrow\) + 2NaNO₃

Fe(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> FeSO₄ + 2H₂O

a, SO₂ + 2NaOH \(\rightarrow\)Na₂SO₃ + H₂O

Na₂SO₃ + H₂SO₄ \(\rightarrow\)Na₂SO₄ + H₂O + SO₂

Na₂SO₄ + Ba(OH)₂\(\rightarrow\) BaSO₄+ 2 NaOH

CO₂ + 2 NaOH \(\rightarrow\)Na₂CO₃ + H₂O

b, CaO + CO₂\(\rightarrow\) CaCO₃

CaCO₃ -t⁰-> CaO + CO₂

CaO + H₂O \(\rightarrow\)Ca(OH)₂

Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ \(\rightarrow\)CaCO₃ + H₂O

CaCO₃ + H₂SO₄ \(\rightarrow\)CaSO₄ + H₂O + CO₂

c, 2Fe + 3Cl₂ -t⁰-> 2FeCl₃

FeCl₃ + 3NaOH \(\rightarrow\)Fe(OH)₃ + 3NaCl

2Fe(OH)₃ -t⁰-> Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂O

Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄ \(\rightarrow\)Fe₂(SO4)₃ + 3H₂O

Fe₂(SO4)₃ + 3BaCl₂ \(\rightarrow\)2FeCl₃ + 3BaSO₄

d, Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\)FeCl₂ + H₂

FeCl_{2 +} 2AgNO₃ \(\rightarrow\)Fe(NO₃)₂ + 2AgCl

Fe(NO₃)₂ + 2NaOH \(\rightarrow\)Fe(OH)₂ + 2NaNO₃

Fe(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄\(\rightarrow\) FeSO₄ + 2H₂O

e, 2Cu + O₂ -t⁰-> 2CuO

CuO + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\)CuCl₂ + H₂O

CuCl₂ + 2NaOH\(\rightarrow\) Cu(OH)₂ + 2NaCl

Cu(OH)₂ -t⁰-> CuO + H₂O

CuO + H₂ -t⁰-> Cu + H₂O

Cu + 2H₂SO_4đặc \(\rightarrow\)CuSO₄ + SO₂ + 2H₂O

f, 2Al₂O₃ -đpnc/ criolit-> 4Al + 3O₂

2Al + 3Cl₂ -t⁰-> 2AlCl₃

AlCl₃ + 3NaOH \(\rightarrow\)Al(OH)₃ + 3NaCl

2NaCl + 2H₂O -đpmn-> 2NaOH + Cl₂ + H₂

2NaOH + CuCl₂ \(\rightarrow\)Cu(OH)₂ + 2NaCl

\(a) 2CH_4 \xrightarrow{t^o,lln} C_2H_2 + 3H_2\\ C_2H_2 + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o,Pd} C_2H_4\\ C_2H_4 + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o,Ni} C_2H_6\\ C_2H_6 + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{as} C_2H_5Cl + HCl\)

\(b)\\ C_6H_6 + Br_2 \xrightarrow{Fe,t^o}C_6H_5Br + HBr\\ C_6H_5Br + NaOH \to C_6H_5ONa + HBr\\ C_6H_5ONa + CO_2 + H_2O \to C_6H_5OH + NaHCO_3\\ C_6H_5OH + 3Br_2 \to C_6H_2OHBr_3 + 3HBr\)

\(c)\\ CH_4 + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{as} CH_3Cl + HCl \\ CH_3Cl + KOH \to CH_3OH + KCl\\ CH_3OH + CuO \xrightarrow{t^o} HCHO + Cu + H_2O\\ HCHO + \dfrac{1}{2}O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} HCOOH\)

Chất thứ 2 trong sơ đồ phải là Al₂O₃ bạn nhé!

\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)

\(2Al_2O_3\underrightarrow{đpnc}4Al+3O_2\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3BaSO_{4\downarrow}\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

Cân bằng PTHH:

Tùy vào chất nào dư 

a, 4Zn + 10HNO₃ = 4Zn(NO₃)₂ + N₂O + 5H₂O

4x Zn - 2e -> Zn2+

1x 2N+5 + 8e -> 2N+1

b, 23Zn + 56HNO₃ = 23Zn(NO₃)₂ + 2NO + 4N₂ + 28H₂O

23a x Zn - 2e -> Zn2+

2 x 5aN+5 + 23a e -> aN+2 + 4aN+0

Tối giản hệ số a = 1

c,d làm tương tự

e, (5-)Zn+(12-2) HNO3→(5-)Zn(NO3)2+ N2O + (6-) H2O

(5-) x Zn - 2e -> Zn2+

1 x 2N+5 + (10-)e -> 2N+

a, 4Zn + 10HNO₃ = 4Zn(NO₃)₂ + N₂O + 5H₂O

4x Zn - 2e -> Zn2+

1x 2N+5 + 8e -> 2N+1

b, 23Zn + 56HNO₃ = 23Zn(NO₃)₂ + 2NO + 4N₂ + 28H₂O

23a x Zn - 2e -> Zn2+

2 x 5aN+5 + 23a e -> aN+2 + 4aN+0

Tối giản hệ số a = 1

c,d làm tương tự

e, (5-)Zn+(12-2) HNO3→(5-)Zn(NO3)2+ N2O + (6-) H2O

(5-) x Zn - 2e -> Zn2+

1 x 2N+5 + (10-)e -> 2N+